180 lines
4.5 KiB
Groff
180 lines
4.5 KiB
Groff
.\" Copyright 1992, 1993 Rickard E. Faith (faith@cs.unc.edu)
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.\" May be distributed under the GNU General Public License
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.\" Changes from sct@dcs.ed.ac.uk added Sat Oct 9 09:54:00 1993.
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.TH RDEV 8 "20 November 1993" "Linux 0.99" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
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.SH NAME
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rdev \- query/set image root device, RAM disk size, or video mode
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.SH SYNOPSIS
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.nf
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.BR "rdev [ \-Rrvh ] [ \-o " offset " ] [ " image " [ " value " [ " offset " ] ] ]"
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.BR "rdev [ \-o " offset " ] [ " image " [ " root_device " [ " offset " ] ] ]"
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.BR "ramsize [ \-o " offset " ] [ " image " [ " size " [ " offset " ] ] ]"
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.BR "vidmode [ \-o " offset " ] [ " image " [ " mode " [ " offset " ] ] ]"
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.BR "rootflags [ \-o " offset " ] [ " image " [ " flags " [ " offset " ] ] ]"
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.fi
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.SH DESCRIPTION
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With no arguments,
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.B rdev
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outputs an
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.I /etc/mtab
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line for the current root file system.
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With no arguments,
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.BR ramsize ", " vidmode ", and " rootflags
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print usage information.
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In a bootable image for the Linux kernel on i386, there are several pairs
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of bytes which specify the root device, the video mode, and the size of
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the RAM disk. These pairs of bytes, by default, begin
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at offset 504 (decimal) in the kernel image:
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.nf
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.RS
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498 Root flags
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(500 and 502 Reserved)
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504 RAM Disk Size
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506 VGA Mode
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508 Root Device
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(510 Boot Signature)
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.RE
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.fi
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.B rdev
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will change these values.
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Typical values for the
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.I image
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parameter, which is a bootable Linux kernel image, might be:
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.nf
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.RS
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/vmlinux
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/vmunix
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/boot/bzImage-2.4.0
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/dev/fd0
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/dev/fd1
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.RE
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.fi
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When using the
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.B rdev
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command, the
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.I root_device
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parameter might be something like:
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.nf
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.RS
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/dev/hda1
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/dev/hdf13
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/dev/sda2
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/dev/sdc4
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/dev/ida/c0d0p1
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.RE
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.fi
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One may also specify the device by a comma-separated pair
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of decimal integers
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.IR major , minor .
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For the
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.B ramsize
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command, the
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.B size
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parameter specifies the size of the RAM disk in kilobytes. 2.0.x kernels
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and newer dynamically allocate the ramdisk and do not need this setting.
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For the
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.B rootflags
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command, the
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.B flags
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parameter contains extra information used when mounting root.
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Currently the only effect of these flags is to force the kernel to
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mount the root filesystem in readonly mode if
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.B flags
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is non-zero.
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For the
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.B vidmode
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command, the
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.B mode
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parameter specifies the video mode:
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.nf
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.RS
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-3 = Prompt
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-2 = Extended VGA
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-1 = Normal VGA
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0 = as if "0" was pressed at the prompt
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1 = as if "1" was pressed at the prompt
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2 = as if "2" was pressed at the prompt
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n = as if "n" was pressed at the prompt
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.RE
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.fi
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If the
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.I value
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is not specified, the
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.I image
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will be examined to determine the current settings.
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.SH OPTIONS
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.TP
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.B \-r
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Causes
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.B rdev
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to act like
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.BR ramsize
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(Not relevant for 2.0.x and newer kernels).
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.TP
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.B \-R
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Causes
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.B rdev
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to act like
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.BR rootflags .
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.TP
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.B \-v
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Causes
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.B rdev
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to act like
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.BR vidmode .
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.TP
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.B \-h
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Provides help.
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.SH BUGS
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The
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.B rdev
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utility, when used other than to find a name for the current root device,
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is an ancient hack that works by patching a kernel image at a magic offset
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with magic numbers. It does not work on architectures other than i386.
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Its use is strongly discouraged. Use a boot loader like SysLinux or LILO
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instead.
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.SH HISTORY
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At offset 502 there used to be the device number of the swap device
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(in Linux 0.12), and "rdev -s" or "swapdev" would set this.
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However, since Linux 0.95 this constant is not used any longer,
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and the swap device is specified using the
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.BR swapon (2)
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system call.
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At offset 504 there used to be the size of the ramdisk in kilobytes.
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One would specify a size, and this much was grabbed off the top of memory.
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In Linux 1.1.39 it became also possible to set this value on the kernel
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command line.
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In Linux 1.3.48 the ramdisk setup was changed. Ramdisk memory is now
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taken from the buffer cache, so that the ramdisk can grow dynamically.
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The interpretation of the ramdisk word was changed to a word of which
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the high order bit is a prompt flag (1: prompt for ramdisk:
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"VFS: Insert ramdisk floppy and press ENTER" - this is needed with a
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two-floppy boot), the next bit a load flag (1: load ramdisk),
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and the low order 11 bits give the starting block number of the
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root filesystem image (so that one can have a single floppy boot).
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See also
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.IR linux/Documentation/ramdisk.txt .
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.SH AUTHORS
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.nf
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Originally by Werner Almesberger (almesber@nessie.cs.id.ethz.ch)
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Modified by Peter MacDonald (pmacdona@sanjuan.UVic.CA)
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rootflags support added by Stephen Tweedie (sct@dcs.ed.ac.uk)
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.fi
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.SH AVAILABILITY
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The rdev command is part of the util-linux-ng package and is available from
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ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux-ng/.
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